Adolpho Lutz e a coleção helmintológica do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Adolpho Lutz and the helmintological collection of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

Composto, a rigor, de duas partes distintas. Na primeira, são apresentados uma coleção de helmintos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, os dados biográficos Adolpho Lutz e os estudos que desenvolveu em Helmintologia. Na segunda, listam-se os helmintos reunidos pelo pesquisador e todo o seu acervo é inventariado, de forma sistematizada, o que reflete a grandeza da coleção e sua importância para a ciência, especialmente para helmintologistas, zoólogos e ambientalistas.

Adolpho Lutz e a coleção helmintológica do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz / Adolpho Lutz and the helmintological collection of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

Composto, a rigor, de duas partes distintas. Na primeira, são apresentados uma coleção de helmintos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, os dados biográficos Adolpho Lutz e os estudos que desenvolveu em Helmintologia. Na segunda, listam-se os helmintos reunidos pelo pesquisador e todo o seu acervo é inventariado, de forma sistematizada, o que reflete a grandeza da coleção e sua importância para a ciência, especialmente para helmintologistas, zoólogos e ambientalistas (AU)

The systematic position of Lauroiinae Skrjabin and Schikhobalova, 1951 (Nemata: Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae), as revealed by the analysis of traits used in its diagnosis.

During our work on biodiversity of parasites of mammals of the Neotropics we collected numerous nematodes assignable to species of the family Aspidoderidae (Nemata: Heterakoidea). These nematodes occur as parasites of the cecum and large intestine of marsupials, rodents and xenarthrans (armadillos) only in the New World. As aspidoderid nematodes have been little studied beyond their alpha taxonomy, it is the purpose of the present paper to apply phylogenetic systematic methods to more completely understand the evolutionary relationships of the included species. Members of the aspidoderid subfamily Lauroiinae have had very little work applied to their systematic relationships and no systematic revisions exist that include all recognized species. Diagnostic characters that define species in this subfamily include plate-like cuticular structures on the anterior end. Herein we define a suite of 52 characters derived from studies of specimens using both light and electron microscopy. Our phylogenetic systematic analysis included the eight known species in the Lauroiinae, seven of the Aspidoderinae and four outgroup taxa. The results indicate that the Lauroiinae is paraphyletic, that the cephalic plates on the anterior end are not synapomorphies for the Lauroiinae, and that structures forming the cordon are present in all species of the family. We propose elimination of the subfamily designations in the family Aspidoderidae and we show the utility of using additional characters in the diagnosis of the family and the genera within this family. The resulting hypothesis should serve as the foundation to understand the historical associations of the nematodes with the mammals they infect. © The Willi Hennig Society 2008.

Helminths of the Spotted Nothura, Nothura maculosa (Temminck, 1815) (Aves, Tinamidae) in South America

This study refers to the helminth fauna of the Spotted Nothura, Nothura maculosa (Temminck, 1815), on the basis of samples deposited in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, and also on bibliographical data. The helminth survey of N. maculosa is represented by the digenetic trematode Brachylaemus (Centrodes) centrodes (Braun, 1901) Travassos & Kohn, 1964, by two cestode species, one included in Hymenolepis Weiland, 1858 and the other identified as Fuhrmannetta elongata (Fuhrmann, 1908), by the nematodes Heterakis gallinarum (Schrank, 1788) Freeborn, 1923, Heterakis spiculatus (Cobbold, 1861) Travassos, 1918, Subulura olympioi Barreto, 1918, Eucoleus penidoi Freitas & Lins, 1935, Hadjelia curvata Vaz & Pereira, 1935, Hempelia hempeli Vaz, 1936, Tetracheilonema quadrilabiatum (Molin, 1858), one species included in Capillaria Zeder, 1800, and another in Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912; the acanthocephalan is represented by Mediorhynchus pintoi Travassos, 1923. Fuhrmannetta elongata is referred for the first time in this host since its proposal in 1908. There is a report of the finding of the habronematid nematode Procyrnea cameroni Gupta & Kazim, 1978 from N. maculosa in Brazil; the species is not illustrated taking into account the status of the original reference. The probable occurrence of the digeneans Prosthogonimus ovatus (Rudolphi, 1803), Athesmia heterolecithodes (Braun, 1899) Looss, 1899, and the nematode Heterakis brasiliana Linstow, 1899, is indicated.

Camallanus cotti Fujita, 1927 (Nematoda, Camallanoidea) in ornamental aquarium fishes: pathology and morphology.

The pathology induced by the nematode Camallanus cotti in the aquarium fishes Beta splendens (beta fish) and Poecilia reticulata (guppy) consisted of gross and microscopic lesions, the former characterized by abdominal swelling with reddish parasites protruding from the anus in both fish hosts and the latter, similar in the beta fishes and guppies, by hemorrhage, congestion, edema, a few glandular elements, and extensive erosion areas in the rectum mucosa, with a marked thickening of the wall and absence of inflammatory infiltrate. Lesions were associated with the presence of several worms attached to the wall or free in the rectal lumen. This is the second reference of the parasite in Brazil and the first report of pathological findings related to this nematode species that is also briefly redescribed and illustrated for the first time on the basis of Brazilian samples.

Camallanus cotti Fujita, 1927 (Nematoda, Camallanoidea) in ornamental aquarium fishes: pathology and morphology

The pathology induced by the nematode Camallanus cotti in the aquarium fishes Beta splendens (beta fish) and Poecilia reticulata (guppy) consisted of gross and microscopic lesions, the former characterized by abdominal swelling with reddish parasites protruding from the anus in both fish hosts and the latter, similar in the beta fishes and guppies, by hemorrhage, congestion, edema, a few glandular elements, and extensive erosion areas in the rectum mucosa, with a marked thickening of the wall and absence of inflammatory infiltrate. Lesions were associated with the presence of several worms attached to the wall or free in the rectal lumen. This is the second reference of the parasite in Brazil and the first report of pathological findings related to this nematode species that is also briefly redescribed and illustrated for the first time on the basis of Brazilian samples.

Evaluation of coinfection with pinworms (Aspiculuris tetraptera, Dentostomella translucida, and Syphacia obvelata) in gerbils and mice.

Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) naturally infected with the nematode Dentostomella translucida and mice (Mus musculus) that were either pinworm-free or harboring either or both Aspiculuris tetraptera and Syphacia abvelata were crossinfected experimentally with these nematode species. Gerbils were susceptible to infections by S. obvelata and A. tetraptera from mice, whereas mice were resistant to infection by D. translucida from gerbils. The data presented are the first regarding coinfections with these three pinworms in gerbils.

Worm burdens in outbred and inbred laboratory rats with morphometric data on Syphacia muris (Yamaguti, 1935) Yamaguti, 1941 (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea)

Syphacia muris worm burdens were evaluated in the rat Rattus norvegicus of the strains Wistar (outbred), Low/M and AM/2/Torr (inbred), maintained conventionally in institutional animal houses in Brazil. Morphometrics and illustration data for S. muris recovered from Brazilian laboratory rats are provided for the first time since its proposition in 1935

On two nematodes from Brazilian birds and description of a new species (Acuarioidea, Schistorophinae) parasitizing Laterallus viridis (Müller, 1776) (Gruiformes, Rallidae)

The present paper reports acuarioid nematodes recovered from avian hosts. A new species of the genus Schistorophus Railliet, 1916 is proposed based mainly on findings referring to ptilina, spicules and vagina. Ancyracanthopsis coronata (Molin, 1860) Chabaud & Petter, 1959 is referred again in Brazil since its proposition in 1860, from specimens recovered from a Brazilian bird. A revised key to the species of the genus Schistorophus is also presented

Helminth parasites of conventionally maintained laboratory mice - II. Inbred strains with an adaptation of the anal swab technique

Worm burdens recovered from inbred mice strains, namely C57B1/6, C57B1/10, CBA, BALB/c, DBA/2 and C3H/He, conventionnally maintained in two institutional animal houses in the State of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, were analysed and compared, regarding their prevalences and mean intensities. Three parasite species were observed: the nematodes Aspiculuris tetraptera, Syphacia obvelata and the cestode Vampirolepis nana. A modification of the anal swab technique is also proposed for the first time as an auxiliary tool for the detection of oxyurid eggs in mice.

Nematode parasites of Brazilian corvid birds (Passeriformes): a general survey with a description of Viktorocara brasiliensis n. sep. (Acuariidae, Schistorophinae)

This report deals with the identification of 139 samples of nematodes recovered from Brazilian jays. Viktorocara brasiliensis n.sp. is proposed and compared with V. capilaris, V. limosae, V. charadrii and V. garridoi which are the other species included in the genus. The differentiation of V. brasiliensis n. sp. was based on the ratios between muscular and glandular esophagus and spicules, as well. Other referred species are Acuaria mamillaris, A. mayori, Aprocta sp., Cheilospirura sp., Diplotriaena americana, D. bargusinica, Oxyspirura matogrosensis, Oxyspirura sp., Pelecitus helicinus, Procyrnea sp., Skrjabinura spiralis, Subulura papillosa, Synhimantus sp. and Tetrameres (Microtetrameres) sp., with the stablishment of some new host records.

Nematode parasites of brazilian Piciformes birds: a general survey with description of Procyrnea anterovulvata n. sp. (Habronematoidea, Habronematidae)

Thirty species of nematodes recovered from Piciformes hosts are reported. Procyrnea anterovulvata n. sp. from Chelidoptera tenebrosa brasiliensis is described and compared to P. colaptes and P. pileata. The considered morphometric parameters are mainly related to the ratio between length of the body/ distance of the vulva to the anterior end. It is approximately 1:0.5 in P. colaptes and P. pileata compared to 1:0.1 in the new species. The male of Synhimantus (Dispharynx) crassissima is described for the first time. Thelaziella (Thelaziella) spizaeti is revalidated and new records are reported for some species.

Synhimantus (Shynhimantus) magnipapillatus n. sp. (Nematoda, Acuarioidea) from the yellow-crowned night-heron, Nyctanassa violacea cayennensis (Gmelin) (Aves, Ardeidae)

Synhimantus (Synhimantus) magnipapillatus n. sp., mainly considering the outstanding size of the cervical papillae and the delicate structure of the cephalic cordons, is not related to any other species of the genus, except for S. (S.) laticeps, concerning the similarities regarding the spicules, that justify their comparison.

Helminth parasites of conventionally mantained laboratory mice

The spectrum of intestinal parasites present in the SwissWebster, C57B1/6 and DBA/2 mice strains from different animal houses was identified and prevalences compared. Three parasites were observed during the course ofthis study, namely the cestode. Vampirolepis nana (Siebold, 1852) Spasskii, 1954(=Hymenolepis nana) and the nematodes Aspiculuris tetraptera (Nitzsch, 1821) Schulz, 1924 and Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802) Seurat, 1916. The scope of thisinvestigation has been widened to also include morphometric data on the parasites, to further simplify their identification, since the presence of helminths in laboratory animals is regarded as a restricting factor for the proper attainmentof experimental protocols

Remarks, on six species of Heterakid Nematodes parasites of brazilian Tinamid birds with description of a new species

Nematodes representing five species of the genus Heterakis, namely: H. inglisi n. sp., H. alata, H. gallinarum, H. spiculatus and one species of the genus Odontoterakis, O. multidentata, were studied. Heterakis inglisi n. sp. closely resembles H. spiculatus, differing from it by smaller size of spicules, precloacal sucker and terminal spike of the tail in the males. Heterakis arquata and H. brasiliana are only listed, for they were not found during the present study. Odontoterakis multidentata is reported in Brazil for the first time. New host records are estabilished for most of the species. These species are fully illustrated

Nematode parasites of Brazilian psittacid birds, with emphasis on the genus Pelecitus railliet & Henry, 1910

In the present paper, some species of nematodes from Brazilian parrots are studied: Aproctapyrrhurae. Ascaridia hermaphrodita, A. sergiomeirai, Pelecitus circularis and P. helicinus. Single female specimens of Pelecitus sp. and Thelazia sp. are presented. The male of P. circularis is fully illustrated, for the first time, since 1884. Ascaridia sergiomeirai is also restudied 59 years after proposition. New host records are estabilished. Remarks on other species of nematodes occuring in psittacid birds are included

On Machadosentis travassosi n. g., n. sp. (Eoacanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) parasite of a moray Gymnothorax ocellatus in Brazil

Machadosentis travassosi n. g., n. sp. an acanthocephalan parasite of a moray are proposed after comparison with the related genera in Quadrigyridae VVan Cleave, 1920. The new genus differs from the other related by the arrangement of proboscis hooks (five circles of rows with five hooks each, with well developed roots) besides the distribution of cuticular spines

On some family related parasites (Nematoda, Cucullanidae) from the marine fish Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1875) (Pisces, Ostraciidae)

Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) elongatus (Tornquist, 1931) Petter, 1974 and Cucullanus pulcherrimus Barreto, 1918, from Paralonchurus brasiliensis (Steind., 1875) are redescribed and two specimens of Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) sp. are also reported in this host, despite lack of previously, was again identified in Brazil since its original description and posterior illustration. The present findings represent also a new host record for the referred genera: Dichelyne Jagerskiold, 1902 and Cucullanus Mueller, 1777. D. (C.) elongatus is also referred in Brazil for the first time